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Scientific Area

Hyperhidrosis

CATEGORIES SCIENTIFIC AREA

Scientific collaboration between Professor Marco Toscani and Dr. Pasquale Fino, Chair of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Umberto I Health Center – “Sapienza” University of Rome.

Excess sweat production on the entire surface of the body or just in some areas (especially the scalp, palms of the hands, soles of the feet) is called hyperhidrosis.

Some of the causes that may lead to temporary hyperhidrosis are physical hyperactivity, fevers, saunas, vomiting and dysentery. Causes that may instead lead to a repeated state of hyperhidrosis are hyperthyroidism, hypoglycemia and alcoholism.
Psycho-affective causes may lead to constant hyperhidrosis, particularly in young people.

Hyperhidrosis of the scalp is often confused with seborrhea but certain elements exist that differentiate the two different scalp conditions: those who suffer from hyperhidrosis have off-white, only slightly red, wet, dull skin with dry hair tips and the skin of their face is neither greasy nor oily.

Eccrine sweat glands cause hyperhidrosis. These are located over the entire body, especially on the scalp, face, palms of the hands, soles of the feet, bikini area and armpits. Sweat glands have a tube-like structure, with the base located in the deeper dermis, coiled upon its own structure. These glands exit onto the skin in correspondence with an epidermic crest. These vascularized, innervated glands are regulated by the autonomic nervous system (cholinergic fibers of the sympathetic nervous system). The eccrine sweat glands produce sweat (through merocrine secretions), composed 98-99% of water, 0.8-1% of minerals and the remainder of organic substances such as urea, lactic acid, uric acid, etc. When sweat mixes on the surface with everything else, it determined the formation of the hydro-lipid-acidic film which makes it necessary to wash one’s hair regularly (3/4 times a week) with a delicate, frequent-use, non-aggressive shampoo, so as to cleanse without irritation.

Hyperhidrosis appears when there is an excessive presence of water on the scalp. This increase in water in the composition of the hydrolipid film, the skin’s first defence from the external environment, leads to an increase in pH towards alkaline values with the loss of bacteriostatic power and scalp sensitivity. Hyperhidrosis nevertheless has internal causes that are difficult to overcome and eliminate. The proper composition of the hydrolipid film must be reset so as to rebalance the pH and consequently the function of the skin as a barrier.

Among the causes of hyperhidrosis we note:

1) hyperemia: excessive blood circulation leads to emotional hyperhidrosis;

2) lymphatic circulation: a slowing of the lymphatic circulation leads to a build-up of lymph at the subcutaneous level with liquid stasis and perspiration;

3) menopause: hormonal imbalances that occur cause cutaneous vasodilation accompanied by excess sweating.

Hyperhidrosis is a complex phenomenon with effects not only at the level of the scalp but also of the hair, which often appears wet.

Hyperhidrosis

Excess sweat production on the entire surface of the body or just in some areas (especially the scalp, palms of the hands, soles of the feet) is called hyperhidrosis.
Some of the causes that may lead to temporary hyperhidrosis are physical hyperactivity, fevers, saunas, vomiting and dysentery. Causes that may instead lead to a repeated state of hyperhidrosis are hyperthyroidism, hypoglycemia and alcoholism

Read more »

Dandruff or pityriasis

Dandruff is a scalp condition that usually arises between the ages of 10 and 25. It may improve between the ages of 45 and 55 or may continue during old age.
Its cause is a result of an accelerated turnover of epidermal cells, which following an increase in migration speed, are unable to reach complete maturity before detaching. Whitish-yellow flakes (masses of corneum cells) form and detach, gathering in patches or often spreading evenly across the scalp.

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Structure and chemical composition of hair

The hair on our bodies has a particular structure and is divided into thin and thick hair. Thin hair, also called lanugo or vellus, is located on all skin surfaces except for the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet. Thick hair, also called terminal hair, is dark and located only in some areas such as the scalp, the armpits, the pubic area, the beard area in the case of men, etc…

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Scalp psoriasis

La psoriasi è una frequente dermatosi cronica eritemo-squamosa con squama tipica (psoriasica), circoscritta o diffusa.
La psoriasi è un problema del cuoio capelluto non annoverata tra le cause che comportano la caduta dei capelli.

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Split ends

The phenomenon of split ends, also called trichoptilosis, is a hair problem that depends on an alteration of the hair shaft with concurrent modification and deterioration of the structure, form and physiology of the hair.

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